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<title>Multiplying Mixed Numbers</title>
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<h1 align="center">Multiplying Mixed Fractions</h1>
<p align="center"><i>("Mixed Fractions" are also called "Mixed Numbers")</i></p>
<p>To multiply <a href="mixed-fractions.html">Mixed Fractions</a>:</p>
<ul>
<li>convert to <a href="improper-fractions.html">Improper Fractions</a></li>
<li><a href="fractions_multiplication.html">Multiply the Fractions</a></li>
<li>convert the result back to Mixed Fractions</li>
</ul>
<h2>Example:
What is 1<span class="intbl"><em>3</em><strong>8</strong></span> × 3 ?</h2>
<p>Think of Pizzas.</p>
<table border="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td width="270"><img src="images/fractions/pie-1-1.jpg" alt="pie full" height="120" width="120"><img src="images/fractions/pie-3-8.jpg" alt="pie 3/8" height="120" width="120"></td>
<td class="larger">1<span class="intbl"><em>3</em><strong>8</strong></span> is 1 pizza and 3 eighths of another pizza.</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<p>First, convert the mixed fraction (1<span class="intbl"><em>3</em><strong>8</strong></span>) to an improper fraction (<span class="intbl"><em>11</em><strong>8</strong></span>):</p>
<table border="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td width="270"><img src="images/fractions/pie-8-8.jpg" alt="pie 8/8" height="120" width="120"><img src="images/fractions/pie-3-8.jpg" alt="pie 3/8" height="120" width="120"></td>
<td>
<p class="larger">Cut the whole pizza into eighths and how many eighths do you have in total?</p>
<p class="larger">1 lot of 8, plus the 3 eighths = 8+3 = 11 eighths.</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<p class="large" align="center"><br>
Now multiply that by 3:<br>
</p>
<table border="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td width="270"><img src="images/fractions/pie-8-8.jpg" alt="pie 8/8" height="120" width="120"><img src="images/fractions/pie-3-8.jpg" alt="pie 3/8" height="120" width="120"><br>
<img src="images/fractions/pie-8-8.jpg" alt="pie 8/8" height="120" width="120"><img src="images/fractions/pie-3-8.jpg" alt="pie 3/8" height="120" width="120"><br>
<img src="images/fractions/pie-8-8.jpg" alt="pie 8/8" height="120" width="120"><img src="images/fractions/pie-3-8.jpg" alt="pie 3/8" height="120" width="120"></td>
<td>
<p class="larger">1<span class="intbl"><em>3</em><strong>8</strong></span> × 3 = <span class="intbl"><em>11</em><strong>8</strong></span> × <span class="intbl"><em>3</em><strong>1</strong></span> = <span class="intbl"><em>33</em><strong>8</strong></span></p>
<p class="larger"><br>
You have 33 eighths. </p>
<p>&nbsp;</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<p>And, lastly, convert to a mixed fraction (only because the original fraction was in that form):</p>
<table border="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td width="270"><img src="images/fractions/pie-8-8.jpg" alt="pie 8/8" height="120" width="120"><img src="images/fractions/pie-8-8.jpg" alt="pie 8/8" height="120" width="120"><br>
<img src="images/fractions/pie-8-8.jpg" alt="pie 8/8" height="120" width="120"><img src="images/fractions/pie-8-8.jpg" alt="pie 8/8" height="120" width="120"><br>
<img src="images/fractions/pie-1-8.jpg" alt="pie 1/8" height="120" width="120"></td>
<td>
<p class="larger">33 eighths is 4 whole pizzas (4×8=32) and 1 eighth left over.</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<p><b>And this is what it looks like in one line:</b></p>
<p class="larger" align="center">1<span class="intbl"><em>3</em><strong>8</strong></span> × 3 = <span class="intbl"><em>11</em><strong>8</strong></span> × <span class="intbl"><em>3</em><strong>1</strong></span> = <span class="intbl"><em>33</em><strong>8</strong></span> = 4<span class="intbl"><em>1</em><strong>8</strong></span> </p>
<h2>Another Example:
What is 1<span class="intbl"><em>1</em><strong>2</strong></span> × 2<span class="intbl"><em>1</em><strong>5</strong></span> ?</h2>
<p>Do the steps from above: </p>
<ol>
<li>convert to Improper Fractions</li>
<li>Multiply the Fractions</li>
<li>convert the result back to Mixed Fractions</li>
</ol>
<div align="center"><img src="numbers/images/mixed-fraction-multiply.svg" alt="mixed fractions multiply"></div>
<h3>Step, by step it is:</h3>
<p>Convert Mixed to Improper Fractions:</p>
<p class="larger" align="center">1<span class="intbl"><em>1</em><strong>2</strong></span> = <span class="intbl"><em>2</em><strong>2</strong></span>+<span class="intbl"><em>1</em><strong>2</strong></span> = <span class="intbl"><em>3</em><strong>2</strong></span></p>
<p class="larger" align="center">2<span class="intbl"><em>1</em><strong>5</strong></span> =<em> </em><span class="intbl"><em>10</em><strong>5</strong></span>+<span class="intbl"><em>1</em><strong>5</strong></span> =<em> </em><span class="intbl"><em>11</em><strong>5</strong></span></p>
<p><a href="fractions_multiplication.html">Multiply the fractions</a> (multiply the top numbers, multiply bottom numbers):</p>
<p class="larger" align="center"><span class="intbl"><em>3</em><strong>2</strong></span> × <span class="intbl"><em>11</em><strong>5</strong></span> =
<span class="intbl"><em>3 × 11</em><strong>2 × 5</strong></span> =
<span class="intbl"><em>33</em><strong>10</strong></span></p>
<p>Convert to a mixed number</p>
<p class="larger" align="center"><span class="intbl"><em>33</em><strong>10</strong></span> = <b>3<span class="intbl"><em>3</em><strong>10</strong></span></b></p>
<p>If you are clever you can do it all in one line like this:</p>
<p class="larger" align="center">1<span class="intbl"><em>1</em><strong>2</strong></span> × 2<span class="intbl"><em>1</em><strong>5</strong></span> = <span class="intbl"><em>3</em><strong>2</strong></span> × <span class="intbl"><em>11</em><strong>5</strong></span> = <span class="intbl"><em>33</em><strong>10</strong></span> = <b>3<span class="intbl"><em>3</em><strong>10</strong></span></b></p>
<h2>One More Example:
What is 3<span class="intbl"><em>1</em><strong>4</strong></span> × 3<span class="intbl"><em>1</em><strong>3</strong></span> ?</h2>
<p>Convert Mixed to Improper Fractions:</p>
<p class="larger" align="center">3<span class="intbl"><em>1</em><strong>4</strong></span> = <span class="intbl"><em>13</em><strong>4</strong></span></p>
<p class="larger" align="center"> 3<span class="intbl"><em>1</em><strong>3</strong></span> = <span class="intbl"><em>10</em><strong>3</strong></span></p>
<p>Multiply</p>
<p class="larger" align="center"><span class="intbl"><em>13</em><strong>4</strong></span> × <span class="intbl"><em>10</em><strong>3</strong></span> = <span class="intbl"><em>130</em><strong>12</strong></span></p>
<p>Convert to a mixed number:</p>
<p class="larger" align="center"><span class="intbl"><em>130</em><strong>12</strong></span> = <b>10<span class="intbl"><em>10</em><strong>12</strong></span></b></p>
<p>And <a href="simplifying-fractions.html">simplify</a>:</p>
<p class="larger" align="center">10<span class="intbl"><em>10</em><strong>12</strong></span> = <b>10<span class="intbl"><em>5</em><strong>6</strong></span></b></p>
<p><b>Here it is in one line:</b></p>
<p class="larger" align="center">3<span class="intbl"><em>1</em><strong>4</strong></span> × 3<span class="intbl"><em>1</em><strong>3</strong></span> = <span class="intbl"><em>13</em><strong>4</strong></span> × <span class="intbl"><em>10</em><strong>3</strong></span> = <span class="intbl"><em>130</em><strong>12</strong></span> = 10<span class="intbl"><em>10</em><strong>12</strong></span> = <b>10<span class="intbl"><em>5</em><strong>6</strong></span></b></p>
<h2>This One Has Negatives: What is 1<span class="intbl"><em>5</em><strong>9</strong></span> × 2<span class="intbl"><em>1</em><strong>7</strong></span> ? </h2>
<p>Convert Mixed to Improper Fractions: </p>
<p class="larger" align="center"> 1<span class="intbl"><em>5</em><strong>9</strong></span> = <span class="intbl"><em>9</em><strong>9</strong></span> + <span class="intbl"><em>5</em><strong>9</strong></span> = <span class="intbl"><em>14</em><strong>9</strong></span> <br>
2<span class="intbl"><em>1</em><strong>7</strong></span> = <span class="intbl"><em>14</em><strong>7</strong></span> + <span class="intbl"><em>1</em><strong>7</strong></span> = <span class="intbl"><em>15</em><strong>7</strong></span> </p>
<p> Then multiply the Improper Fractions <i>(Note: <a href="multiplying-negatives.html">negative times negative gives positive</a>) </i>:</p>
<p class="larger" align="center"> <span class="intbl"><em>14</em><strong>9</strong></span> × <span class="intbl"><em>15</em><strong>7</strong></span> = <span class="intbl"><em>14 × 15</em><strong>9 × 7</strong></span> = <span class="intbl"><em>210</em><strong>63</strong></span>&nbsp; <br>
</p>
<p> We can simplify now. Here we use two steps, first by 7 (21 and 63 are both multiples of 7), then again by 3. But it could be done in one step by dividing by 21:</p>
<p class="larger" align="center"> <span class="intbl"><em>210</em><strong>63</strong></span> = <span class="intbl"><em>30</em><strong>9</strong></span> = <span class="intbl"><em>10</em><strong>3</strong></span> <br>
</p>
<p> Finally convert to a Mixed Fraction (because that was the style of the question): </p>
<p class="larger" align="center"> <span class="intbl"><em>10</em><strong>3</strong></span> = <span class="intbl"><em>(9+1)</em><strong>3</strong></span> = <span class="intbl"><em>9</em><strong>3</strong></span> + <span class="intbl"><em>1</em><strong>3</strong></span> = 3<span class="intbl"><em>1</em><strong>3</strong> </span></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
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