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123 lines
5.1 KiB
HTML
123 lines
5.1 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE html>
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<title>Pendulum Animation</title>
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<div id="logo"><a href="../index.html"><img src="../images/style/logo.svg" alt="Math is Fun"></a></div>
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<script type="text/javascript">document.write(getTrans());</script></div>
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<div id="gplus">
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<script type="text/javascript">document.write(getGPlus());</script></div>
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<div role="main" id="content"><!-- #BeginEditable "Body" -->
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<h1 class="center">Pendulum Animation</h1>
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<p>Play with a pendulum:</p>
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<script src="images/pendulum.js"></script>
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<script>pendulumMain();</script>
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<p>This is a good example of a <a href="../algebra/mathematical-models.html">mathematical model</a>. Each unit of time is calculated using the data from the previous unit of time, and the motion you see is the result.</p>
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<p>For example the <b>period is timed</b> from top to bottom (not an in-built formula) so it can take a short while to find a value, and can vary a little due to calculation accuracy.</p>
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<p><br></p>What are PE and KE?
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<ul class="larger">
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<li>Potential Energy (PE) is <b>stored energy</b> due to position or state</li>
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<p class="center large">PE due to gravity = m g h</p>
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<li>Kinetic Energy (KE) is energy of <b>motion</b></li>
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<p class="center large">KE = ½ m v<sup>2</sup></p></ul>
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<p>The KE and PE are constantly calculated and you can see that their total stays the same (apart from slight changes due to rounding). </p>
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<p>Why is the total constant? Because one type of energy is converted to the other and back again.</p>
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<p>It is really cool how this works!</p>
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<p>Notice how <b>PE</b> is highest at the top of the swing and zero at the bottom.</p>
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<p>And <b>KE </b>is highest when the pendulum swings the fastest (at the bottom of the arc).</p>
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<p>Use pause to look at the values.</p>
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<p><br></p>
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<p>There is no friction or drag in this model, so the pendulum keeps going. In the real world it would slow down.</p>
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<p><br></p>
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<p> </p>
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<p>Things to try:</p>
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<ul>
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<li>Change the length. Does it change the motion?</li>
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<li>Change the mass. Does it change the motion?
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</li>
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<li>Change the gravity. Does it change the motion?</li>
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<li>What happens at low or zero gravity?</li>
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<li>Suddenly increase the mass when that ball is at its highest or lowest. What happens?</li>
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<li>Can you increase its speed by changing the length in rhythm with the swing?</li></ul>
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<p> </p>
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<div class="related">
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<a href="double-pendulum.html">Double Pendulum</a>
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<a href="index.html">Physics Index</a>
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