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181 lines
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<!-- #BeginEditable "Body" -->
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<h1 class="center">Real Numbers</h1>
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<h3>Real Numbers are just numbers like:</h3>
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<div class="simple">
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<table style="border: 0; margin:auto;">
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<tbody>
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<tr style="text-align:center;">
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<td class="large" width="80">1</td>
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<td class="large" width="80">12.38</td>
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<td class="large" width="80">−0.8625</td>
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<td class="large" width="80"><span class="intbl"><em>3</em><strong>4</strong></span></td>
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<td class="large" width="80"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+2"><b>π</b></font> (<a href="pi.html">pi</a>)</td>
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<td class="large" width="80">198</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody></table>
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</div>
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<p>In fact:</p>
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<p class="center large">Nearly any number you can think of is a Real Number</p>
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<h3>Real Numbers include:</h3>
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<table style="border: 0; margin:auto;">
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<td><img src="../images/style/yes.svg" alt="yes" height="30" width="30"></td>
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<td> </td>
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<td><a href="../whole-numbers.html">Whole Numbers</a> (like 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, etc)</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><img src="../images/style/yes.svg" alt="yes" height="30" width="30"></td>
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<td> </td>
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<td><a href="../rational-numbers.html">Rational Numbers</a> (like 3/4, 0.125, 0.333..., 1.1, etc )</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><img src="../images/style/yes.svg" alt="yes" height="30" width="30"></td>
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<td> </td>
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<td><a href="../irrational-numbers.html">Irrational Numbers</a> (like <font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+2"><b>π</b></font>, √2, etc )</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody></table>
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<p class="center">Real Numbers can also be <b>positive</b>, <b>negative</b> or <a href="zero.html">zero</a>.</p>
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<h3>So ... what is NOT a Real Number?</h3>
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<table style="border: 0; margin:auto;">
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<td><img src="../images/style/no.svg" alt="not" height="30" width="30"></td>
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<td> </td>
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<td><a href="imaginary-numbers.html">Imaginary Numbers</a> like <b>√−1</b> (the <a href="../square-root.html">square root</a> of minus 1)<br>
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are not Real Numbers<br>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><img src="../images/style/no.svg" alt="not" height="30" width="30"></td>
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<td> </td>
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<td><a href="infinity.html">Infinity</a> is not a Real Number</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody></table>
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<p>Mathematicians also play with some special numbers that aren't Real Numbers.</p>
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<h2>The Real Number Line</h2>
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<p>The Real Number Line is like a geometric <a href="../geometry/line.html">line</a>.</p>
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<p>A point is chosen on the line to be the <b>"origin"</b>. Points to the right are positive, and points to the left are negative.</p>
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<p class="center"><img src="images/real-number-line.svg" alt="Real Number Line with examples" height="93" width="600"></p>
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<p>A distance is chosen to be "1", then whole numbers are marked off: {1,2,3,...}, and also in the negative direction: {...,−3,−2,−1}</p>
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<p class="larger"><b>Any point on the line is a Real Number:</b></p>
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<ul>
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<li>The numbers could be whole (like 7)</li>
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<li>or rational (like 20/9)</li>
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<li>or irrational (like <span class="times">π</span>)</li>
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</ul>
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<p>But we won't find Infinity, or an Imaginary Number.</p>
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<h2>Any Number of Digits</h2>
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<p>A Real Number can have any number of digits either side of the decimal point</p>
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<ul>
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<li>120.</li>
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<li>0.12345</li>
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<li>12.5509</li>
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<li>0.000 000 0001</li></ul>
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<p>There can be an infinite number of digits, such as <span class="intbl"><em>1</em><strong>3</strong></span> = 0.333...</p>
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<h2>Why are they called "Real" Numbers?</h2>
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<p class="center"><b>Because they are not <a href="imaginary-numbers.html">Imaginary Numbers</a></b></p>
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<p>The Real Numbers had no name before Imaginary Numbers were thought of. They got called "Real" because they were not Imaginary. That is the actual answer!</p>
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<h2>Real does not mean they are in the real world</h2>
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<p>They are <b>not</b> called "Real" because they show the value of something <b>real</b>.</p>
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<p style="float:right; margin: 0 0 5px 10px;"><img src="images/apple-half.jpg" alt="apple and half" height="95" width="113"></p>
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<p>In mathematics we like our numbers pure, when we write 0.5 we mean <b>exactly</b> half.</p>
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<p>But in the real world half may not be <i>exact</i> (try cutting an apple <b>exactly</b> in half).</p>
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<p> </p>
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<div class="questions">5383, 5384, 5385, 5386, 5387, 5388, 5389, 5390, 5391, 1066, 1067, 2032, 2033</div>
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<div class="related">
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<a href="evolution-of-numbers.html">Evolution of Numbers</a>
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<a href="../sets/real-number-properties.html">Properties of Real Numbers</a>
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<a href="../sets/number-types.html">Common Number Types</a>
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