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<title>Place Value</title>
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<h1 id="title" align="center">Place Value</h1>
<p class="center"><i class="larger"> We write numbers using only ten symbols (called Digits).<br>
Where we place them is important.</i></p>
<h2>The Ten Digits</h2>
<p>The Digits we use today are called "Hindu-Arabic Numerals":</p>
<div class="center largest">0 &nbsp;
1 &nbsp; 2 &nbsp; 3 &nbsp; 4 &nbsp; 5 &nbsp; 6 &nbsp; 7 &nbsp; 8 &nbsp; 9</div>
<p><br>
We can use these on their own to count up to 9:</p>
<table style="border: 0; margin:auto;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td class="largest" align="center">0</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="largest" align="center" width="80">1</td>
<td><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="largest" align="center" width="80">2</td>
<td><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="largest" align="center" width="80">3</td>
<td><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="largest" align="center" width="80">4</td>
<td><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="largest" align="center" width="80">5</td>
<td><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="largest" align="center" width="80">6</td>
<td><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="largest" align="center" width="80">7</td>
<td><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="largest" align="center" width="80">8</td>
<td><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="largest" align="center" width="80">9</td>
<td><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="largest" align="center" width="80">??</td>
<td><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<p>But what happens after 9?</p>
<div class="simple"></div>
<h2>Ten Or More ...</h2>
<p>When we have more than 9 items, we start <b>another column</b> - the "tens" column - and we write down
how many "tens" we have, followed by how many "ones" (also called "units").</p>
<p>So we write:</p>
<table style="border: 0; margin:auto;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td class="center largest hilite" width="80">10</td>
<td><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<div class="example">
<h3>Example: this is how we write down <b>twelve</b>:</h3>
<div class="simple">
<table style="border: 0; margin:auto;">
<tbody>
<tr class="bga1">
<td style="width:80px;">
<div class="center">Tens</div> </td>
<td style="width:80px;">
<div class="center">Ones</div> </td>
</tr>
<tr style="text-align:center;">
<td class="large">1</td>
<td class="large">2</td>
</tr>
<tr style="text-align:center;">
<td><img src="numbers/images/ball-10.svg" alt="ten balls" height="219" width="22"></td>
<td><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div class="center large">The Number "12"</div>
<p class="center"><img src="numbers/images/place-value-12.svg" alt="place value 12 tens ones is 10 2" height="198" width="125"></p>
<p>It says we have <b>1 Ten</b> and <b>2 Ones</b>, which makes 12.</p>
<p>This can also be written as <span class="large">1 × 10 + 2 × 1</span>.</p>
</div>
<div class="example">
<h3>Example: "35" means 3 Tens and 5 Ones, which is also 3 × 10 + 5 × 1</h3>
<div class="simple">
<table style="border: 0; margin:auto;">
<tbody>
<tr class="bga1">
<td style="width:150px;">
<div class="center">Tens</div></td>
<td style="width:150px;">
<div class="center">Ones</div></td>
</tr>
<tr style="text-align:center;">
<td class="large">3</td>
<td class="large">5</td>
</tr>
<tr style="text-align:center;">
<td><img src="numbers/images/ball-10.svg" alt="ten balls" height="219" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball-10.svg" alt="ten balls" height="219" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball-10.svg" alt="ten balls" height="219" width="22"></td>
<td><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div class="center large">The Number "35"</div>
</div>
<h2>Zero</h2>
<p>What if we have 1 Ten, but no Ones? We show "no Ones" by <b>putting a zero</b> there:</p>
<div class="simple">
<table style="border: 0; margin:auto;">
<tbody>
<tr class="bga1">
<td style="width:80px;">
<div class="center">Tens</div></td>
<td style="width:80px;">
<div class="center">Ones</div></td>
</tr>
<tr style="text-align:center;">
<td class="large">1</td>
<td class="large">0</td>
</tr>
<tr style="text-align:center;">
<td><img src="numbers/images/ball-10.svg" alt="ten balls" height="219" width="22"></td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div class="center large">The Number "10"</div>
<p class="center larger">We have to put a Zero in the Ones place or "10" looks like "1".</p>
<p class="center larger"><img src="numbers/images/place-value-10.svg" alt="place value 10" height="198" width="125"></p>
<h2>A Hundred Or More ...</h2>
<p>When we have more than 99 items, we start <b>another</b> column - the "hundreds" column. Now we need
to show how many Hundreds, Tens and Ones:</p>
<div class="simple">
<table style="border: 0; margin:auto;">
<tbody>
<tr class="bga1">
<td>
<div class="center">Hundreds</div> </td>
<td>
<div class="center">Tens</div> </td>
<td>
<div class="center">Ones</div> </td>
</tr>
<tr style="text-align:center;">
<td class="large"> 1</td>
<td class="large"> 4 </td>
<td class="large"> 3</td>
</tr>
<tr style="text-align:center;">
<td>
<img src="numbers/images/ball-100.svg" alt="hundred balls" height="219" width="220">
</td>
<td><img src="numbers/images/ball-10.svg" alt="ten balls" height="219" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball-10.svg" alt="ten balls" height="219" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball-10.svg" alt="ten balls" height="219" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball-10.svg" alt="ten balls" height="219" width="22"></td>
<td class="large"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div class="center large">The Number 143</div>
<p>That shows we have 1 Hundred, 4 Tens and 3 Ones:</p>
<p>This can also be written as <span class="large">1 × 100 + 4 × 10 + 3 × 1</span>.</p>
<div class="example">
<p style="float:right; margin: 0 0 5px 10px;"><img src="numbers/images/place-value-369.svg" alt="place value 369: 300 60 9" height="191" width="166"></p>
<h3>Example: "369" means 3 Hundreds, 6 Tens and 9 Ones</h3>
<p>Which is also 3 × 100 + 6 × 10 + 9 × 1</p>
</div>
<p>We also use a Zero when there are no Tens:</p>
<div class="example">
<h3>Example: "104" means 1 Hundred, <b>Zero</b> Tens and 4 Ones.</h3>
<div class="simple">
<table style="border: 0; margin:auto;">
<tbody>
<tr class="bga1">
<td>
<div class="center">Hundreds</div></td>
<td>
<div class="center">Tens</div></td>
<td>
<div class="center">Ones</div></td>
</tr>
<tr style="text-align:center;">
<td class="large"> 1</td>
<td class="large"> 0 </td>
<td class="large"> 4</td>
</tr>
<tr style="text-align:center;">
<td> <img src="numbers/images/ball-100.svg" alt="hundred balls" height="219" width="220"></td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td class="large"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"><img src="numbers/images/ball.svg" alt="one ball" height="22" width="22"></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div class="center large">The Number 104</div>
</div>
<h2>And So On ...</h2>
<p>Each time we want to show a bigger number we just add one column <b>to the left</b> and we know it is always
<b>10 times bigger</b> than than the column on its right.</p>
<p class="center"><span class="large">each new column on the left is ten times bigger</span></p>
<p>So, where we PLACE a digit is important!</p>
<h2>Names for Each Column</h2>
<p>These are the names of each column:</p>
<table style="border: 0; margin:auto;">
<tbody>
<tr class="bga1" align="center">
<td style="width:90px;">Millions</td>
<td style="width:90px;">Hundred-Thousands</td>
<td style="width:90px;">
<div class="center">Ten-Thousands</div></td>
<td style="width:90px;">
<div class="center">Thousands</div></td>
<td style="width:90px;">
<div class="center">Hundreds</div></td>
<td style="width:90px;">
<div class="center">Tens</div></td>
<td style="width:90px;">
<div class="center">Ones</div></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<p><i>(For bigger amounts, see <a href="metric-numbers.html">Metric Numbers</a>)</i></p>
<div class="example">
<h3>Example: The number eleven thousand, three hundred and twenty seven in a place value table:</h3>
<div class="simple">
<table style="border: 0; margin:auto;">
<tbody>
<tr class="bga1">
<td style="width:90px;">
<div class="center">Ten-Thousands</div> </td>
<td style="width:90px;">
<div class="center">Thousands</div> </td>
<td style="width:90px;">
<div class="center">Hundreds</div> </td>
<td style="width:90px;">
<div class="center">Tens</div> </td>
<td style="width:90px;">
<div class="center">Ones</div> </td>
</tr>
<tr style="text-align:center;">
<td class="large"> 1</td>
<td class="large"> 1</td>
<td class="large"> 3</td>
<td class="large"> 2</td>
<td class="large"> 7</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div class="center large"> The Number 11,327 </div>
</div>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<div class="questions">1686, 1687, 1688, 1689, 1690, 1691, 5875, 5876, 5877, 5878</div>
<div class="related">
<a href="decimals.html">Decimals</a>
<a href="decimals-menu.html">Decimals Index</a>
</div>
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