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<title>How to Calculate the Mode or Modal Value</title>
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<h1 class="center">How to Find the Mode or Modal Value</h1>
<p class="center">The mode is simply the number which appears <b>most often</b>.</p>
<div class="example">
<p style="float:right; margin: 0 0 5px 10px;"><img src="data/images/mode.svg" alt="mode example" height="151" width="225"></p>
<h3>Example:</h3>
<p>In {6, 3, 9, 6, 6, 5, 9, 3} the Mode is 6, as it occurs most often.</p>
</div>
<h2>Finding the Mode</h2>
<p>To find the
mode it is best to put the numbers <b>in order</b> (makes it easier to count them), then <b>count</b> how many of each number. A number that appears <b>most often</b> is the <b>mode</b>.</p>
<div class="example">
<h3>Example:</h3>
<p class="center larger">3, 7, 5, 13, 20, 23, 39, 23, 40, 23, 14, 12, 56, 23, 29</p>
<p><b>In order</b> these numbers are:</p>
<p class="center larger">3, 5, 7, 12, 13, 14, 20, <b>23, 23, 23, 23</b>, 29, 39, 40, 56</p>
<p>We can now easily see which numbers appear <b>most often</b>.</p>
<p class="center larger">In this case the mode is <b>23</b>.</p>
</div>
<div class="example">
<h3>Another Example: {19, 8, 29, 35, 19, 28, 15}</h3>
<p>Arrange them in order: <b>{8, 15, 19, 19, 28, 29, 35}</b></p>
<p>19 appears twice, all the rest appear only once, so <b>19 is the mode</b>.</p>
</div>
<div class="center80">
<p class="center"><i>How to remember? Think "mode is most"</i></p>
</div>
<h2>More Than One Mode</h2>
<p>We can have more than one mode.</p>
<div class="example">
<h3>Example: {1, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 6, 6, 6, 9}</h3>
<p>3 appears three times, as does 6.</p>
<p>So there are two modes: at <b>3</b> and <b>6</b></p>
</div>
<p>Having two modes is called <b>"bimodal"</b>.</p>
<p>Having more than two modes is called <b>"multimodal"</b>.</p>
<h2>Try it Yourself</h2>
<div class="script" style="height: 130px;">
data/images/mode.js
</div>
<h2>Grouping</h2>
<p>In some cases (such as when all values appear the same number of times) the mode is not useful. But we can <b>group</b> the values to see if one group has more than the others.</p>
<div class="example">
<h3>Example: {4, 7, 11, 16, 20, 22, 25, 26, 33}</h3>
<p>Each value occurs once, so let us try to group them.</p>
<p>We can try groups of 10:</p>
<ul>
<li>0-9: <b>2 values</b> (4 and 7)</li>
<li>10-19: <b>2 values</b> (11 and 16)</li>
<li>20-29: <b>4 values</b> (20, 22, 25 and 26)</li>
<li>30-39: <b>1 value</b> (33)</li>
</ul>
<p>In groups of 10, the "20s" appear most often, so we could choose <b>25</b> (the middle of the 20s group) as the mode.</p>
<p>You could use different groupings and get a different answer.</p>
</div>
<p>Grouping also helps to find what the typical values are when the real world messes things up!</p>
<div class="example">
<h3>Example: How long to fill a pallet?</h3>
<p class="center"><img src="data/images/pallets.jpg" alt="pallets" height="153" width="360"></p>
<p>Philip recorded how long it takes to fill a pallet in minutes:</p>
<p class="center">{35, 36, 32, 42, 58, 56, 35, 39, 46, 47, 34, 37}</p>
<p>It takes longer when there is break time or lunch so an average is not very useful.</p>
<p>But grouping by 5s gives:</p>
<ul>
<li>30-34: <b>2</b></li>
<li>35-39: <b>5</b></li>
<li>40-44: <b>1</b></li>
<li>45-49: <b>2</b></li>
<li>50-54: <b>0</b></li>
<li>54-59: <b>2</b></li>
</ul>
<p>"35-39" appear most often, so we can say it normally takes <b>about 37 minutes</b> to fill a pallet.</p>
</div>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<div class="questions">1460, 1461, 1462, 1463, 3794, 3796, 3797, 3058, 3059, 3795</div>
<div class="related">
<a href="mean.html">Mean</a>
<a href="median.html">Median</a>
<a href="data/central-measures.html">Central Measures</a>
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