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230 lines
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230 lines
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<title>Radians</title>
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<h1 align="center">Radians</h1>
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<p class="center"><i>The angle made when the radius <br>
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is
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wrapped round the circle:</i></p>
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<p class="center"><img src="images/radian-circle.svg" alt="radian in circle" /></p>
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<table border="0" align="center">
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<tr>
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<td><img src="images/radian.svg" alt="1 radian is about 57.2958 degrees" /></td>
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<td width="20"> </td>
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<td><p>1 Radian is <i>about</i> 57.2958 <a href="degrees.html">degrees</a>. </p></td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<p class="center"><i>Why "57.2958..." degrees?</i> We will see in a moment.</p>
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<p class="larger">The <b>Radian</b> is a pure measure based on the <b>Radius</b> of the circle:</p>
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<iframe src="iradian.html" scrolling="no" style="width:362px; height:282px; overflow:hidden; margin:auto; display:block; border:none;"></iframe>
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<p class="center larger"><b>Radian</b>: the angle made when we take the <b>radius</b> <br />
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and wrap it round the circle.</p>
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<div style="clear:both"></div>
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<h2>Radians and Degrees </h2>
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<p>Let us see why 1 Radian is equal to 57.2958... degrees:</p>
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<iframe src="iradian-circ.html" scrolling="no" style="width:362px; height:282px; overflow:hidden; margin:auto; display:block; border:none;"></iframe>
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<p style="float:left; margin: 0 10px 5px 0;"><img src="../numbers/images/pi-circle.gif" width="172" height="188" alt="radius of 1, pi is half of circumference" /></p>
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<p>In a half circle there are
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<span class="larger"><span class="times">π</span> radians</span>, which is also <span class="larger">180°</span></p><div class="tbl">
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<div class="row"><span class="left"><span class="large center"><span class="times">π</span> radians =</span></span><span class="right"><span class="large center">180°</span></span></div>
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<div class="row"><span class="left"><span class="large center">So <b>1 radian</b> = </span></span><span class="right"><span class="large center">180°/<span class="times">π</span></span></span></div>
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<div class="row"><span class="left">=</span><span class="right"><span class="large center">57.2958...°</span></span></div>
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<div class="row"><span class="left"> </span><span class="right"><span class="large center"> (approximately)</span></span></div>
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</div>
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<p>To go from <b>radians to degrees</b>: multiply by 180, divide by <span class="times">π</span></p>
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<p>To go from <b>degrees to radians</b>: multiply by <span class="times">π</span>, divide by 180</p>
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<p>Here is a table of equivalent values:</p>
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<div class="simple">
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<table align="center">
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<tr align="center">
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<th>Degrees </th>
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<th>Radians<br />
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(exact)</th>
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<th>Radians<br />
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(approx)</th>
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</tr>
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<tr align="center">
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<td>30°</td>
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<td><span class="times">π</span>/6</td>
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<td>0.524</td>
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</tr>
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<tr align="center">
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<td>45°</td>
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<td><span class="times">π</span>/4</td>
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<td>0.785</td>
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</tr>
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<tr align="center">
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<td>60°</td>
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<td><span class="times">π</span>/3</td>
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<td>1.047</td>
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</tr>
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<tr align="center">
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<td>90°</td>
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<td><span class="times">π</span>/2</td>
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<td>1.571</td>
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</tr>
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<tr align="center">
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<td>180°</td>
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<td><span class="times">π</span></td>
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<td>3.142</td>
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</tr>
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<tr align="center">
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<td>270°</td>
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<td>3<span class="times">π</span>/2</td>
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<td>4.712</td>
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</tr>
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<tr align="center">
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<td>360°</td>
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<td>2<span class="times">π</span></td>
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<td>6.283</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<p> </p>
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</div>
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<div class="example">
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<p style="float:right; margin: 0 0 5px 10px;"><img src="images/radian-string.svg" alt="radians circle 6.28... pieces of string" /></p>
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<h3>Example: How Many Radians in a <a href="full-rotation.html">Full Circle</a>? </h3>
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<p>Imagine you cut pieces of string exactly the length from the <b>center to the circumference of a circle</b> ... </p>
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<p>... how many pieces do you need to go <b>once around </b> the circle? </p>
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<p> </p>
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<p class="center larger">Answer: 2<span class="times">π</span> (or about <b>6.283</b> pieces of string). </p>
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</div>
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<h2>Radians Preferred by Mathematicians</h2>
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<p>Because the radian is based on the pure idea of <i>"the radius being laid along the circumference</i>", it often gives simple and natural results when used in mathematics.</p>
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<p><b>For example</b>, look at the <a href="../sine-cosine-tangent.html">sine function</a> for very small values:</p>
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<div class="simple">
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<table align="center">
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<tr>
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<th width="116">x
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(radians)</th>
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<td width="116" height="18">1</td>
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<td width="102" height="18">0.1</td>
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<td width="77" height="18">0.01</td>
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<td width="77">0.001</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th>sin(x)</th>
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<td>0.8414710</td>
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<td>0.0998334</td>
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<td>0.0099998</td>
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<td>0.0009999998</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<br />
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</div>
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<div align="center"><span class="larger">For very small values. "x" and "sin(x)" are almost the same</span><br />
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(as long as "x" is in Radians!)
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</div>
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<br />
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<p>There will be other examples like that as you learn more about mathematics. </p>
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<h2>Conclusion</h2>
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<p>So, degrees are easier to use in everyday work, but radians are much better for mathematics.</p>
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<p> </p>
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<script type="text/javascript">getQ(7436, 7437, 7438, 7439, 7440, 7441, 7442, 7443, 7444, 7445);</script>
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<div class="related">
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<a href="degrees.html">Degrees</a>
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<a href="plane.html">Plane</a>
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<a href="../numbers/pi.html">Pi</a>
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<a href="steradian.html">Steradian</a>
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<a href="symbols.html">Symbols in Geometry</a>
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<a href="index.html">Geometry Index</a></div>
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